Traditionally, Fiestas Patrias have been the time when most singing the National Anthem here in Santiago Chile, of course after the footballing vulgarity of our stadiums, so abundant in tropical and bananerías (such as singing the song with the manito in the heart and poto stopped), but very, very scarce and thirsty soccer, sports victories.
Of course the mob ever seems to know about the same hymn, our National Anthem. I do not even recognize the letter: the "Puro Chile'n your blue sky" and "I's tomb against the pressure" , among other atrocities adolescents are repeated in each intonation embarrassingly public. Maybe it's time to sing less, it is far worse and damaging sing badly. Moreover, when certain pockets of political elves sought to appropriate for themselves, promoting the popularization of the national symbol is the hymn.
Here's a little history, then, from the distance of the spiral of corruption.
the first hymn
The July 19, 1819, the Government of Chile issued a decree instructing the creation of a national anthem Chilean composer and violinist Manuel Robles Gutierrez and poet Argentine-born Bernardo de Vera y Pintado. They were, of course, the years of the powerful but fleeting sense of continental unity in the New Nation, when it was believed that the strengths Alliance between Chile, Argentina and other countries against Hispanic monarchism would last for the rest of the time between the flamboyant new republics released.
Chilean The song was officially released on August 20, 1820 at the Teatro del Coronel Domingo Arteaga, first one built in Chile and when it was located in the Plaza of the Society of Jesus, venue to be distributed among existing units of the Plaza Montt-Varas Palace of the Courts of Justice against the former Plaza O'Higgins National Congress in Santiago, where he was the fateful temple of the Society of Jesus, tragically wrecked in 1863 . The opening day of the anthem was chosen for this because it was the same in which the fleet set sail from Chile to Peru, to Valparaiso.
However, authors such as Carlos Chubretovich observe how other historians have noted once that the musical could have been presented before, during the holidays last year September. Contrary to what many believe, the election in September as the month of Fiestas Patrias was already partially installed then, after the celebrations had made Don Jose Miguel Carrera in the Old Nation .
However, the implementation of a solemn hymn was first commissioned opera orchestra arrived in Chile, known as Scheroni Company. All night stand was sung at the Teatro Arteaga, a tradition that lasted for several years.
THE ORIGINAL POINT
letter said his strong and clear anti-Hispanic inspiration:
Chorus:
Sweet fatherland, accept that the votes
Chile at your altars and the tomb
that will be of the free
or asylum against oppression.I
Citizens:
sacred love of the motherland calls you to the wheel:
economic freedom is the currency
alarm: win or die.
The scaffold or the old string
presents you the magnificent English:
boot the dagger at his neck broken that
tyrant fierce.II
accustomed wanted three centuries of the slave to the unhappy fate that sound
their own chains
learn to sing more than moan.
But the loud cry of the Fatherland
this terrible noise and voices silenced
Independence
penetrated to the heart.III
your beautiful eyes in the Homeland
new light begins to feel
and observing their high duties
is kindled in manly ardor.
of virtue and justice
surrounded the peoples of the world announced that blood
Arauco
signed the great charter of emancipation.IV
Tyrants
turned into anger and playing near the end
deployed impotent fury,
that vainly flatters to destroy. Citizens
look in the body field of the vile invader
perish that cruel as the grave
looked far from his birthplace.V
These valleys also behold, Chilean
the Lord wanted to bless,
and laughing
but faded nature of the vile despot
When friend and kinsman today serve more expensive
of grave and honor:
more blood is fertile
hero and every man has an avenger.VI
From deep silence in which they live
these Manes illustrious
hear that you claim revenge, Chilean
and revenge the war go.
of Lautaro, Colo-Colo and Rengo
revive the native value and engaged in fierce courage
that sent Spain to extinction.VII
These monsters who carry
infamous and servile status, how can they ever
compared with the heroes of Cinco de April?
They serve the same tyrant
its law and mocked his blood;
we fight for the Homeland
our life, liberty and honor.VIII
By sea and land threaten
vile despot's henchmen but the whole nature
waits to fight: the South Pacific
East and West
the Andes and the Sun
by a vast desert north and central
freedom and unity.IX
See that logo in the Chacabuco
intruder knew ye yield tricolor
and August than in Maipo
in a day of triumph gave us a thousand. See him and Mrs.
the ocean and flying over the mountain lion
shudders to view the Iberian
our breasts inflame the value. Citizens
glory of the country presiding
happy destiny,
and future ages may
to their parents' blessing.
The National Anthem was selected basis, with some slow melodic. Can be heard on the next page of Youtube.com files :
CHANGES IN MUSIC
But for some reason, this music teacher praised Robles did not leave everyone satisfied and, by 1826, asked the famous English composer in exile in England for his liberal views and opposition to the monarchy, Don Ramón Carnicer and Battle, the composition of a new score for the National Anthem.
The work entitled "Patriotic Hymn Chile" by Carnicer, must have been written by him around 1827, since that year he returned to Barcelona. At the time, officiated in London as Minister Plenipotentiary of Chile Mariano Egaña, one of the ideologists of this change in the composition, who in 1828 sent the new scores of the National Anthem at Santiago, which quickly seized between authorities time, during the government of Francisco A. Pinto.
Interestingly, Carnicer never visited Chile before or after giving the music still sing the anthem.
The new work, composed in 4 / 4 bar type place, opened officially on December 23, 1828 again at the Teatro Arteaga, with a concert of the Philharmonic Society of Santiago, which also included the version of Robles and works of Dona Isidora Zegers, a founder of the artistic society during the previous year.
Though hailed with euphoria, it was not long before he returned to be modified.
CHANGES IN THE POINT
Point recriminations against the English over the hymn he had written by Vera y Pintado, disturbed many authorities of the time, even prompting a demand from the Charge d'Affaires of Spain in Chile, Don Salvador Tavira.
happened that, in addition, Hispanic recognition after the independence of Chile took place on April 25, 1844, the spirit that had led the offensive content of the lyrics of the anthem and had no excuse for existence.
Therefore, it was decided to change in 1847, during the government of General Manuel Bulnes, amid great protest and popular resistance to this initiative. The new letter was commissioned by the Minister Manuel Camilo Vidal, poet and political activist Eusebio Lillo, when he just turned 21 years old.
The young scholar presented his work in the same year, with the lyrics of the current national anthem. Although cost position the new point, no doubt of the excellence with which he managed to fix it.
Manuel Robles
Bernardo de Vera y Pintado
Ramón Carnicer
THE "LOST VERSES"
Lillo The letter was passionate and highly lyrical, deeply delighted that the authorities had ordered, for the same. However, since the original letter from Vera y Pintado, a council of Andres Bello, remained above the chorus of the hymn in the Again, as on a par with her beauty would facilitate the introduction of new poetry in the masses popular massively upset with this change.
portion of the letter was omitted Lillo, originally said in:
Dulce Patria received votes
with the people in your altars
To be free of asylum
In fighting
Freedom hateful oppression, invoking your name, the Chilean
and proud nation to live free swears
tyrants and strange, humiliating oppression Viva Chile
do want is acclaimed Chilean
And that cry to feel
In peace to work
And we call the war to win or die
Fragments "lost" the national anthem, written by hand, were in possession of Juan Carlos Lillo, grandson of Don Eusebio, until 2006 when the won the Naval Museum ("Latest News", August 21, 2006).
FINAL NATIONAL SONG
The National Anthem was then with the next letter:
Chorus:
Sweet fatherland, accept the vows
with Chile in your altars
That, or the tomb will be free of
O asylum against oppression.
I
bloody fighting has ceased;
It's brother yesterday invader Three centuries
wash the shame
Fighting in the field of honor.
The slave doblegábase yesterday
Free at last, triumphant looks;
Freedom is the legacy of the brave,
The Victoria humiliates his feet.
IIAlza, Chile, spotless forehead;
Conquer your name on the lid;
always noble, constant and courageous
I found the children of the Cid. Let your free
A quiet crowned the arts, industry and peace, and triumph
That chant songs to scare the despot bold.
IIIYour names, brave soldiers who have been
IV
Chile bra, the breasts are
Our prints;
The know our children well. Sean
them the cry of death we release marching
deal,
And playing on the loud mouth always Hagan
shaking tyrant.If you intend to foreign cannon
Our people dared to invade;
Naked
steel point and know victory or death. With his blood
the proud Araucanian
We value bequeathed by inheritance;
And shakes his sword in hand
Defending the honor of Chile
VPuro, Chile, your sky is blue, Pure
breezes blow across you,
And your field of flowers embroidered
Is a happy copy of Eden.
Majestic is the snow mountain
That was given as a bastion by the Lord,
And the sea that quietly washes your shores Promises you future splendor
. VI
These galas, oh Fatherland, the flowers lining
your soil fertile,
not ever step on them invaders
cover with your shade of peace.
Our breasts will defend you, know your name
With win,
Or your noble, glorious banner, We will fight
fall.
By Decree No. 3482 of August 12, 1909, during the government of President Pedro Montt, music and lyrics of the anthem were officially as National Anthem of Chile.
With the Decree No. 3737 of June 27, 1941, during the government of Pedro Aguirre Cerda, reaffirmed its finality anthem.
THE ANTHEM IN TODAY
Over time, the music of the anthem has remained tailored and relaxed from the straight-ahead structure. Its meter 4 / 4, for example, has been passed in later versions or free downloads of music, to the beat 12 / 8, although some versions of lyrics and "modern" used to announce the national chains in the past governments of the Concertación, frankly We seemed a little excessive and remote and originality.
was how he came to our current national anthem, one of 1820, which the music was changed in 1828, then it also changed the lyrics in 1847, so it was turned into another completely different song the first, which only retains the original lyrics of the chorus as a single thread to its source.
Unfortunately, however, there were still some laps in the fate of the national anthem, so much so that today the song still is not an option for unity in all instances of the Chilean city life, affected deeply the poison of politics. It happens that between 1973 and 1990, opponents of the military regime invariably sang and privately with the version of the anthem and Choir Stanza, Stanza III without the complimentary allusions to the armed forces of Chile, which was formally reinstated by the military junta to formal presentations.
However, with the advent of the Government of Patricio Aylwin Azocar in 1990, the controversial third stanza was again taken recovering republican tradition, and since then, the most radical opponents of the coalition and supporters of the regime Pinochet military or the sing quietly these lines omitted from the letter.
version of this song including the once controversial third stanza, can be found here:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=- H6zwJVHe20
In this way, and for more than 35 years, Chile's National Anthem is being sung in one way or another as the political creed of the respective groups.
At least, you among so chicha and Pipeño in these Bicentennial Independence Day with even the feel united illusion is greater for some time in the year, without having to pay the anthem of our own crack, embarrassment or historical resentments.
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